Gift or curse?
Nov. 20th, 2007 11:23 am![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
imomusAt this year's Venice Biennale, America was represented by Félix González-Torres. This was slightly odd, because González-Torres isn't exactly your average American contemporary artist. A gay man, born in Cuba, he died of AIDS eleven years ago. Homosexuality and Cuba are both thorny issues for America; the US continues to find it difficult to recognize gay unions or, for that matter, to recognize Cuba. "The fundamental goal of United States policy toward Cuba," says the US State Department website, "is to promote a peaceful transition to a stable, democratic form of government and respect for human rights". Which means, precisely, that Cuba's right to remain a communist state is not respected. Meanwhile, people continue to be detained at American camps on Cuba without recourse to lawyers or their families.
Considering these problematical issues, you can only applaud the boldness -- or hypocrisy -- of the choice of the late González-Torres to fill America's pavilion in the Giardini this year. The scaled-down replica of Monticello, Thomas Jefferson's Virginia slave ranch, greeted visitors with a notice inviting them to take a candy or a poster from the elegant, minimalist stacks in the galleries. The posters were blank sheets framed in black; tributes, perhaps, to González-Torres' dead lover. But in this context they became something else. Representing America, their meaning changed. They became presents, tokens of America's generosity, its material abundance. "I like to be in America, OK by me in America," as the West Side Story number goes (itself sung by Latino immigrants like González-Torres), "everything free in America (for a small fee in America)".
What exactly that "small fee" was quickly became apparent to anyone who rolled up a poster and tucked it under their arm. Hisae and I sucked the dark liquorice candy, but steered well clear of the posters. We'd already learned our lesson at a González-Torres show at the Hamburger Bahnhof in Berlin. We'd picked up posters, been burdened with them all day, then got them home, tried them on the walls, found them deeply depressing, and thrown them away. In the Giardini there were signs all around that people who'd taken the posters quickly realised that those two American values, material abundance and convenience, might actually be at odds. I became fascinated by the situation and started shooting pictures. The metaphor was just too pointed, too perfect.
The first signs that America's gift to the world wasn't universally appreciated came at the German pavilion. A big sign had been posted saying "No posters, baby-carriages, umbrellas, please". In the pavilions that did allow posters, there were awkward squeeze-past moments everywhere. It was as if the viral posters instantly made everyone who'd greedily, excitedly picked one up effectively obese. For the rest of the day, they'd be maneuvering through too-narrow doors, trying not to get their posters crushed or dirty, trying not to inconvenience other people, using two seats in the cafeteria instead of one, getting cold hands. It became apparent to many people that these big, blank sheets of paper simply weren't quite the gift they'd at first seemed. People began ditching them -- sometimes right on the floor of other pavilions. Here's one in the Russian pavilion, for instance. I wonder how Russian artist Alexander Ponomarev felt to have a poster from the American pavilion lying right at the foot of his work, in his own pavilion? Cultural imperialism this provocative needs to be resisted.
The next stage was anger and rejection. In bins all over the Giardini site, crushed in corners, ripped on the ground, trashed American posters could be seen. Some had even turned them into artworks, drawing faces on them, folding them into sculptures. Poor González-Torres! His poor boyfriend! Yet for some, this is exactly what he intended. An old friend of mine, a gay communist I knew at university, Shane Enright, wrote: "The greatest achievement of Gonzalez-Torres's art is its capacity, through mimicry, ambiguity, and paradox, to instill in his viewers an awareness of the power of their own subjectivity. This is a freedom of interpretation and a generosity that comes, however, with a reciprocal responsibility: for the visitor to choose the ultimate destination of a sheet from the stack." Well, Shane, I can tell you that the ultimate destination chosen by many was the rubbish bin.
Many, but not all. The intrepid soldiered on, carrying their free posters out into the streets of Venice, clinging to them -- and perhaps to the belief that they'd one day be worth something. Re-rolled, strapped to rucksacks whose size they doubled, these posters -- successful parasites, victorious viruses -- continued to collide with the unburdened all over the city. I was delighted to find some even on our flight back to Berlin, crammed by their loyal dupes, their poster-hosts, into the overhead lockers, radically depleting the space left for the rest of us, and inflicting paper cuts to our chins as we queued to leave the plane.
There they were again at baggage reclaim, and on Berlin public transport, the poster people! The ones who received America's generosity with gratitude, and were willing to endure hardships -- or inflict them! -- and sacrifice convenience -- theirs and others'! -- in order to celebrate the spirit of material abundance which led to such generosity!
Personally, though, I much preferred France's generosity. The brilliant Sophie Calle show took place in the Giardini's only adequately-heated pavilion. On a freezing day in November, that was a truly warm-hearted gift.
Considering these problematical issues, you can only applaud the boldness -- or hypocrisy -- of the choice of the late González-Torres to fill America's pavilion in the Giardini this year. The scaled-down replica of Monticello, Thomas Jefferson's Virginia slave ranch, greeted visitors with a notice inviting them to take a candy or a poster from the elegant, minimalist stacks in the galleries. The posters were blank sheets framed in black; tributes, perhaps, to González-Torres' dead lover. But in this context they became something else. Representing America, their meaning changed. They became presents, tokens of America's generosity, its material abundance. "I like to be in America, OK by me in America," as the West Side Story number goes (itself sung by Latino immigrants like González-Torres), "everything free in America (for a small fee in America)".
What exactly that "small fee" was quickly became apparent to anyone who rolled up a poster and tucked it under their arm. Hisae and I sucked the dark liquorice candy, but steered well clear of the posters. We'd already learned our lesson at a González-Torres show at the Hamburger Bahnhof in Berlin. We'd picked up posters, been burdened with them all day, then got them home, tried them on the walls, found them deeply depressing, and thrown them away. In the Giardini there were signs all around that people who'd taken the posters quickly realised that those two American values, material abundance and convenience, might actually be at odds. I became fascinated by the situation and started shooting pictures. The metaphor was just too pointed, too perfect.
The first signs that America's gift to the world wasn't universally appreciated came at the German pavilion. A big sign had been posted saying "No posters, baby-carriages, umbrellas, please". In the pavilions that did allow posters, there were awkward squeeze-past moments everywhere. It was as if the viral posters instantly made everyone who'd greedily, excitedly picked one up effectively obese. For the rest of the day, they'd be maneuvering through too-narrow doors, trying not to get their posters crushed or dirty, trying not to inconvenience other people, using two seats in the cafeteria instead of one, getting cold hands. It became apparent to many people that these big, blank sheets of paper simply weren't quite the gift they'd at first seemed. People began ditching them -- sometimes right on the floor of other pavilions. Here's one in the Russian pavilion, for instance. I wonder how Russian artist Alexander Ponomarev felt to have a poster from the American pavilion lying right at the foot of his work, in his own pavilion? Cultural imperialism this provocative needs to be resisted.
The next stage was anger and rejection. In bins all over the Giardini site, crushed in corners, ripped on the ground, trashed American posters could be seen. Some had even turned them into artworks, drawing faces on them, folding them into sculptures. Poor González-Torres! His poor boyfriend! Yet for some, this is exactly what he intended. An old friend of mine, a gay communist I knew at university, Shane Enright, wrote: "The greatest achievement of Gonzalez-Torres's art is its capacity, through mimicry, ambiguity, and paradox, to instill in his viewers an awareness of the power of their own subjectivity. This is a freedom of interpretation and a generosity that comes, however, with a reciprocal responsibility: for the visitor to choose the ultimate destination of a sheet from the stack." Well, Shane, I can tell you that the ultimate destination chosen by many was the rubbish bin.
Many, but not all. The intrepid soldiered on, carrying their free posters out into the streets of Venice, clinging to them -- and perhaps to the belief that they'd one day be worth something. Re-rolled, strapped to rucksacks whose size they doubled, these posters -- successful parasites, victorious viruses -- continued to collide with the unburdened all over the city. I was delighted to find some even on our flight back to Berlin, crammed by their loyal dupes, their poster-hosts, into the overhead lockers, radically depleting the space left for the rest of us, and inflicting paper cuts to our chins as we queued to leave the plane.
There they were again at baggage reclaim, and on Berlin public transport, the poster people! The ones who received America's generosity with gratitude, and were willing to endure hardships -- or inflict them! -- and sacrifice convenience -- theirs and others'! -- in order to celebrate the spirit of material abundance which led to such generosity!
Personally, though, I much preferred France's generosity. The brilliant Sophie Calle show took place in the Giardini's only adequately-heated pavilion. On a freezing day in November, that was a truly warm-hearted gift.
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(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 02:06 pm (UTC)i wonder if this means "the U.S. Congress," president, majority of states, or what? also, gay unions? gay marriage, or what? some states (the civilized ones, at least) in fact do recognize civil unions, etc. just curious.
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 03:01 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 03:31 pm (UTC)Everywhere the Europeans have colonised. And possibly the Japs who really really want to be white, and try so so hard.
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 03:51 pm (UTC)Berlin, Paris, and the Obsession with Pure, Superior European Blood. let's see that as the next Momus post. If you say that value doesn't exist, you're blllliiiiinnndddddd.
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 04:04 pm (UTC)Really? Maybe it was easier to get into America back in the day but they've tightened it up a lot recently. I also dont think American gay civil partnership entitles you to citizenship if you're foreign.
Details plz?
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 05:29 pm (UTC)But hey, the Brits are buying up all the property in NYC anyway, so why not flex your muscle on America's shitty economy.
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 05:41 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 06:56 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-21 06:01 am (UTC)ok, your turn!
(no subject)
Date: 2007-11-20 06:54 pm (UTC)And now 5 people have replied and my inbox is dead, plus I´m annoyed at all the stupid. THANKS.