Babylon a fall!
Oct. 4th, 2008 02:37 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
imomusOne thing the current financial crisis ought to be making us say (though I haven't seen anyone saying it yet) is "Shit, the Rastafarians were right -- Babylon a fall!". These past couple of weeks have seen the Rastafarian concept of Babylon looking stronger and smarter, and our own concepts about the efficiency and intelligence of the market system looking ever weaker and more stupid. If Bush and Blair and Brown thought that Babylon would save us, it's now becoming clear that it won't. Instead, Babylon is more likely to do what the Rastafarians have been telling us all along it will: Babylon is likely "a fall".
The Rastafarian concept of Babylon is one we all understand in its broad outline. Babylon is the white man's world, the oppressor's world, the world of the slave-taker and slave-trader, the world in which precious spiritual things are reduced to mere commodities. It's a world characterized by greed and dishonesty, a corrupt and decadent world, a world with no respect for nature and no respect for humanity. One should have as little to do with it as possible -- one shouldn't deal with Babylon. For, because of its endemic vices and iniquities, Babylon shall fade and Babylon shall fall, just like the reggae songs tell us.
Babylon in reggae and in Rastafarianism is a catch-all phrase, a metaphor. The real, historical Babylon, Wikipedia tells us, "was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad." Interestingly, the current-day location of Babylon is occupied by the Americans, who are without a doubt the current-day metaphorical Babylonians too. Ominously, though, "all that remains today of the ancient famed city of Babylon is a mound, or tell, of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in Iraq." Babylon was a holy city by 2300 BC and the seat of an empire by 612 BC. It boasted a globalization-friendly skyscraper in the form of the Tower of Babel and a world-standard tourist attraction in the form of the Hanging Gardens. And yet, by 141BC, Babylon was to be found "in complete desolation and obscurity". Babylon a fall.
We could call Babylon, the Rastafarian concept, a "cautionary metaphor". By tunnelling far back into the past, the Rastafarians point to the fall of one empire, map it to the current empire, and preview, by extension and with relish, its fall too.
As David Bardfield explains in The Roots of Babylon (The Dread Library), the concept as it appears in Rastafarianism comes from Marcus Garvey's teachings, which map the exile of African slaves in the Caribbean to the exile of Jews into Babylon, as described in The Bible. It's a word which is shorthand for a whole political program: "Instead of saying "Injustice must fall", "Poverty must be alleviated", or "Jamaican legislation must represent its people", a Rasta need only say "Babylon must fall".
Babylon represents a range of corrupt and unjust institutions: politics, police, laws, even cities are "Babylon".
What's really remarkable is that the speeches from both sides of the current US presidential debates could very easily be reframed (I'm sure there's a text engine out there that could do it with cut and paste) in Rastafarian terms. When McCain and Obama agree that "Washington is broken, and Wall Street is broken", or when they talk about greed and corruption being endemic, they're basically recognizing that they live in Babylon. Even Bush, admitting that the $700 billion bailout may not solve the financial crisis, is warning us that Babylon may not be easily fixable. It may, indeed, fall. In fact, in a long enough perspective, it's absolutely sure to.
Babylon has been a theme in my own music -- I even put an image of Haile Selassie on the inside of my 2006 album Ocky Milk. Here's a clip from a track on my forthcoming Joemus album which pits "the Babylon King" against his nemesis, a "Jahwise Hammer":
Jahwise Hammer of the Babylon King (excerpt) stereo mp3 file, 1.4 MB, 1 min 45 secs
Maybe one day this song will bring it all back: exactly where you were when Babylon began a fall.
The Rastafarian concept of Babylon is one we all understand in its broad outline. Babylon is the white man's world, the oppressor's world, the world of the slave-taker and slave-trader, the world in which precious spiritual things are reduced to mere commodities. It's a world characterized by greed and dishonesty, a corrupt and decadent world, a world with no respect for nature and no respect for humanity. One should have as little to do with it as possible -- one shouldn't deal with Babylon. For, because of its endemic vices and iniquities, Babylon shall fade and Babylon shall fall, just like the reggae songs tell us.
Babylon in reggae and in Rastafarianism is a catch-all phrase, a metaphor. The real, historical Babylon, Wikipedia tells us, "was a city-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad." Interestingly, the current-day location of Babylon is occupied by the Americans, who are without a doubt the current-day metaphorical Babylonians too. Ominously, though, "all that remains today of the ancient famed city of Babylon is a mound, or tell, of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in Iraq." Babylon was a holy city by 2300 BC and the seat of an empire by 612 BC. It boasted a globalization-friendly skyscraper in the form of the Tower of Babel and a world-standard tourist attraction in the form of the Hanging Gardens. And yet, by 141BC, Babylon was to be found "in complete desolation and obscurity". Babylon a fall.We could call Babylon, the Rastafarian concept, a "cautionary metaphor". By tunnelling far back into the past, the Rastafarians point to the fall of one empire, map it to the current empire, and preview, by extension and with relish, its fall too.
As David Bardfield explains in The Roots of Babylon (The Dread Library), the concept as it appears in Rastafarianism comes from Marcus Garvey's teachings, which map the exile of African slaves in the Caribbean to the exile of Jews into Babylon, as described in The Bible. It's a word which is shorthand for a whole political program: "Instead of saying "Injustice must fall", "Poverty must be alleviated", or "Jamaican legislation must represent its people", a Rasta need only say "Babylon must fall".Babylon represents a range of corrupt and unjust institutions: politics, police, laws, even cities are "Babylon".
What's really remarkable is that the speeches from both sides of the current US presidential debates could very easily be reframed (I'm sure there's a text engine out there that could do it with cut and paste) in Rastafarian terms. When McCain and Obama agree that "Washington is broken, and Wall Street is broken", or when they talk about greed and corruption being endemic, they're basically recognizing that they live in Babylon. Even Bush, admitting that the $700 billion bailout may not solve the financial crisis, is warning us that Babylon may not be easily fixable. It may, indeed, fall. In fact, in a long enough perspective, it's absolutely sure to.
Babylon has been a theme in my own music -- I even put an image of Haile Selassie on the inside of my 2006 album Ocky Milk. Here's a clip from a track on my forthcoming Joemus album which pits "the Babylon King" against his nemesis, a "Jahwise Hammer":Jahwise Hammer of the Babylon King (excerpt) stereo mp3 file, 1.4 MB, 1 min 45 secs
Maybe one day this song will bring it all back: exactly where you were when Babylon began a fall.
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Date: 2008-10-07 07:40 am (UTC)Slavery was commonly practiced in Africa long before Europeans arrived. And long after slavery was outlawed in the rest of the world, millions of Africans are living in slavery right now, enslaved by other black Africans. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_modern_Africa) This has nothing to do with Europeans, with colonialism, with any other external factor. There is no reason to believe that black-on-black slavery has gone up in Africa; more likely, it's gone down.
This year in Africa, tribal warfare will kill tens of thousands of people; many of them children. The conflict in Darfur has killed somewhere between 200,000 and 400,000 people in the past 5 years, and hundreds of thousands more have had limbs hacked off; hundreds of thousands of women have been raped. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_Darfur) Tribalism and conflicts between tribes is endemic to Africa. There is no reason to believe that it has gone up; in likelihood, it has gone down. And this has nothing to do with Europeans, colonialism or any other external factor.
This year in Africa, at least 2 million young women will have their genitals brutally mutilated in a practice believed to curb "female promiscuity". This has nothing to do with Europeans, colonialism or any other external factor. There is no reason to believe that female genital mutilation has gone up in Africa; more likely, it's gone down.
Poverty and famine are commonplace in Africa. In the past 40 years, foreign nations have poured a half of a trillion dollars of aid into Africa. Much of it has been siphoned off by corrupt Africans, was used to buy weapons, or was simply mismanaged. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_Africa) The international community has been more than generous with Africa since the days of colonial exploitation, but Africans themselves have squandered it.
In 2006, in just one city (Kinchassa, Congo) somewhere between 25,000 and 50,000 children were accused of "witchcraft" and thrown out of their homes. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witchcraft#Africa) In just the past year, 25 albinos have been murdered in Tanzania, just one small nation in Africa, where albinism is regarded as "sorcery" and the body parts of albinos are used for magical potions. (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7518049.stm) This has nothing to do with Europeans, colonialism, or any other external factor. There is no reason to believe that the persecution of people for allegedly being "witches" has gone up in Africa; more likely, it's gone down, due to the presence of law enforcement.
In just about every aspect of life in Africa, conditions are far worse for women, and for gay/lesbian/transgendered people than in other parts of the world. (http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=78716) Violence against them is common and seldom prosecuted. (http://www.blogher.com/murder-popular-soccer-star-highlights-problem-anti-lesbian-violence) Murders are often carried out by mobs. (http://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2006/03/02/safric12753.htm) This has nothing to do with Europeans, colonialism or any other external factor. There is no reason to believe that the persecution of homosexuals has gone up in Africa; more likely, it's gone down. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_cutting) ()